An Evaluation of CO2 Emission Reduction by EV and FCV Introduction Considering Stable and Economical Power System Operation

EasyChair Preprint 3463, version 2

Abstract

To reduce CO2 emissions in transport sector, it is a hopeful way to replace gasoline vehicles (GV) by electric vehicles (EV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCV). However, the reduction efficiency is largely affected by CO2 emission intensity of power system and the way to make hydrogen. Authors simulate a power system in 2030 where a large amount of PV is implemented and 16% of PV generated energy must be curtailed. The annual cost is minimized by optimizing the hourly output of coal fired and LNGCC plants, when the 16% of passenger GV mileage is replaced by EV charged at midnight and/or daytime. In FCV case, the capacity of water electrolysis and hydrogen tank, and the hourly electrolysis output as well as thermal power plants are optimized. Results show CO2 emissions decrease particularly when EVs are charged at daytime using a part of surplus PV energy and the charging power is controlled to contribute frequency stability. The electrolysis demand decreases the PV energy curtailment but increases the CO2 emission because of the lower energy converting efficiency and higher facility cost. Constraint conditions of the minimum ratio of non-synchronous generation and frequency control ability affect the results too.

Keyphrases: CO2 emission, Fuel cell vehicle, economic evaluation, electric vehicle, operation optimization

@booklet{EasyChair:3463,
  author    = {Kuniaki Yabe and Yasuhiro Hayashi},
  title     = {An Evaluation of CO2 Emission Reduction by EV and FCV Introduction Considering Stable and Economical Power System Operation},
  howpublished = {EasyChair Preprint 3463},
  year      = {EasyChair, 2020}}