The Role of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in Preventing Intubation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure

EasyChair Preprint 13688

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in the management of acute respiratory failure (ARF). High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) therapy has emerged as a pivotal non-invasive respiratory support modality that may prevent the need for intubation in COVID-19 patients experiencing ARF. This study aims to explore the efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes associated with HFNO therapy in this patient population. By delivering heated, humidified oxygen at high flow rates, HFNO can improve oxygenation, reduce work of breathing, and maintain mucociliary function. We conducted a comprehensive review of recent clinical trials and observational studies to evaluate the impact of HFNO on intubation rates, patient survival, and overall respiratory function. Our findings indicate that HFNO therapy significantly decreases the necessity for mechanical ventilation, thereby reducing the associated risks and complications. Additionally, HFNO has demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with fewer adverse events compared to other non-invasive ventilation methods. However, the success of HFNO therapy is contingent upon careful patient selection and close monitoring to promptly identify those who may require escalation to invasive mechanical ventilation. This study underscores the potential of HFNO as a frontline intervention in the management of COVID-19-induced ARF, highlighting its role in optimizing patient outcomes and alleviating healthcare burdens during the pandemic. Further research is warranted to refine patient selection criteria and optimize treatment protocols to maximize the benefits of HFNO therapy.

Keyphrases: High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO), acute respiratory failure (ARF), oxygenation

@booklet{EasyChair:13688,
  author    = {Abill Robert},
  title     = {The Role of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in Preventing Intubation in COVID-19 Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure},
  howpublished = {EasyChair Preprint 13688},
  year      = {EasyChair, 2024}}